Modelado tridimensional de estructuras anatómicas heterogéneas
Palabras clave:
Imágenes, Geometría, Datos espaciales, Estructuras anatómicas, Estructuras heterogéneas, Modelado, Imágenes médicasSinopsis
Los modelos tridimensionales (3D) de estructuras anatómicas son de gran importancia, especialmente en áreas como la bioingeniería, la medicina asistida por computador, la simulación mediante elementos finitos y la realidad virtual. Sin embargo, su uso es limitado debido a los procesos manuales en su construcción, por lo cual se requieren investigaciones para aumentar el grado de automatización, tanto como sea posible. En este libro se aborda el modelado 3D de estructuras anatómicas heterogéneas a partir de imágenes médicas mediante el método RAM (Region Aware Modeling). Este método aplica un enfoque sistemático de modelado ascendente (botton-up) con base en ingeniería inversa, en el cual las imágenes médicas se segmentan en regiones de interés, de cada una se extrae una nube de puntos y se realiza una reconstrucción implícita de la superficie; la geometría total de la estructura anatómica es modelada por medio de un vector de funciones implícitas (VFI). Diferentes experimentos permiten comprobar la versatilidad del método RAM en el modelado de una gran variedad de geometrías que tienen las estructuras anatómicas heterogéneas, lo que da como resultado modelos 3D independientes de la resolución y con un alto nivel de precisión, reproducibilidad y robustez.
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